Examination of Modulus of Elasticity (E), and Strength Criteria of Beta Phase(Β) Titanium/Copper (TiCu) Alloy for Intrauterine Gynecological Application

Abstract

The purpose of this experimental research study was to investigate the modulus of elasticity (E) of beta-phase (β) Titanium Copper alloy (TiCu) specimens for intrauterine contraceptive applications. In this study, we design and produced Beta (β) phase TiCu alloy specimens with varying copper percentages, Ti0.5%Cu, Ti1.0%Cu, Ti2.0%Cu, Ti5.0%Cu, Ti10.0.0%Cu, Ti15.0%Cu, and Ti17.0% Cu, using copper as the experimental control reference biomaterial. The samples were produced using the powder metallurgy technique in an inert environment. Experimental investigations and Minitab Software Design analyses were conducted to examine the combined load variation with strain rate conditions on the specimens. Furthermore, the study examined the correlation between stress and strain rates in the endometrium. The elastic modulus of the Titanium Copper alloy confirmed optimal stress-to-strain values, which are crucial in the design of biomaterials for surgical implants under load conditions. The strain developed in the alloy determined its deformation under different forces and fatigue conditions, considering the periodic loads on the implant material. The results indicated that the Ti17%Cu alloy specimen exhibited an excellent modulus of elasticity value. The research establishes the strength criteria, particularly the acceptable modulus of elasticity (E), and suggests that the Ti17%Cu alloy could be a viable replacement for the existing prototype biomaterial (Cu-T380 IUD) based on its optimal modulus of elasticity. These strength properties are essential for ensuring the reliability and durability of intrauterine biomaterials in the cervix. We reported that this development holds significant promise in enhancing the mechanical performance and compatibility of intrauterine devices, thereby contributing to advancements in women's healthcare.