Caritas Journal of Management, Social Sciences and Humanities
The Caritas Journal of Management, Social Sciences and Humanities (CJMSSH) is a publication of the Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, Caritas University, Amorji-Nike, Enugu Nigeria. CJMSSH is an international peer-reviewed open access journal dedicated to publish high quality research articles on various disciplines in management, social science and humanities such as Business Management, Business studies,Communication studies, Corporate Governance, Corporate organization, Criminology, Anthropology, Demography, Development Studies, Economics, Literature, Entrepreneurship, ethics, General History, Geography, Industrial relations, Information Science, International relations, International studies, Law, Legal Management, Library Science, Linguistics, literature, Business strategy and policy, Entrepreneurship, Human resource management, Organizational behavior, Organizational theory, Research methods, Local Languages, Market Management, Media studies, Music, Operational Management, Paralegal studies, Performing arts ( i. e. Dance, Theatre, and Music), Philosophical Research, Philosophy, Physical Geography, Political science, Population Studies, Psychology, Public and business administration, Publications and advertising, Social Welfare, Sociology, Special Education, Sport Management, Women studies, Visual arts, Gender studies, Cultural studies and ethnic studies, Social Work, Sociology, Archaeology, Business, Divinity, Library and Museum Studies, Journalism, Mass media and Communication, and other studies etc. The journal will consider submissions from all over the world, on research works not being published or submitted for publication towards publication as full paper, review article, short communication and research note. The Papers are published in English
Gender Inequality, Employment, Workforce Participation on Economic Growth in Nigeria: An Econometric Analysis
This study investigates the dynamic effects of gender inequality in employment and workforce participation on economic growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2024. Employing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modelling framework, the analysis captures both short-run adjustments and long-run equilibrium relationships between economic growth and key dimensions of gender inequality, including employment (GIE), political participation (GIEPP), and health care access (GIHC). The empirical findings indicate a robust, statistically significant negative relationship between gender inequality in employment and economic growth in both the short- and long-run. Notably, a 10% increase in employment-related gender inequality is associated with a short-run reduction in economic growth of approximately 1.1% and a long-run reduction of approximately 5.49%, underscoring the considerable economic costs associated with the exclusion and underutilization of female labour. Conversely, the long-run estimates reveal positive, significant associations between economic growth and gender inequality in political participation and in health care. These counterintuitive results do not imply that inequality promotes growth; instead, they reflect structural distortions in Nigeria’s growth trajectory, in which aggregate expansion has historically coincided with entrenched institutional and socio-political exclusion. The findings indicate an extractive, non-inclusive growth pattern, with economic gains unequally distributed across gender groups. The study concludes that removing barriers to female employment and increasing women’s participation in productive economic activities are critical policy priorities for achieving sustainable, inclusive, and resilient economic growth in Nigeria.
Copyright (c) 2026 Caritas Journal of Management, Social Sciences and Humanities
Effects Of Point Of Sales In Business Cash Transaction Management In Enugu, Nigeria
This study is based on the effects of point of sales in Business cash transaction in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study adopts the following objectives; to identify reasons for the effect of sales, to identify the constraints facing the effect and to ascertain customers' level of satisfaction on the effect of sales in Business Transaction method. The descriptive survey research design was adopted and a sample size of 133 (One hundred and thirty-three) was gotten using Taro Yamani formula. 133 questionnaires were administered to the respondents and 130 was returned, which was used for the data. The data for the study was gathered with a five point likert scale questionnaire. Analyses were made through Chi-Square, so that effective conclusion can be drawn. A way of making payments effective and reduces the stress of having to go to the bank to deposit money through this means are:χ2 (133, 8) = 31s.43, P>0.05. For the second hypothesis, the alternate was accepted which revealed the constraints facing the use of effective point which are poor connectivity due to network, delay in the reversal of money and high transaction charges χ2 (133, 8) = 25.03, P>0.05 .For the third hypothesis, the alternate was accepted and, it revealed the level of customers' satisfaction with Point of Sales payment method which are reliability, convenience and secure χ2 (133, 8) = 45.53,P>0.05. Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommends amongst others that the systems reliability in handling transaction on point of sales is one of the strength of point of sales outlets that influenced customer satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Caritas Journal of Management, Social Sciences and Humanities
Effect Of Entrepreneurship Skills On Record Keeping Of An Organization In The Oil And Gas Industry Of Nigeria
The research studied the effect of entrepreneurship skills on record keeping of an organization in the oil and gas industry of Nigeria. This study specifically examined, determined and evaluated the effect of entrepreneurship skills on record keeping of an organization in the oil and gas sector. Ex-post facto design was adopted due to the fact that the study relied solely on secondary source of data collection in examining the effect entrepreneurship skills on record keeping of an entrepreneur in the oil and gas Industry of Nigeria. The data were obtained from the annual report and accounts from two sampled industry listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Entrepreneurship skills have a negative and significant effect on priorities security and privacy in Nigerian oil and gas sector. Based on the findings, it was recommended that priorities security and privacy should be ascertained and introduced to Nigerian oil and gas industry as a priority more particularly with the introduction of international recording system. The F-Statistic was 3.805556 at 0.0338 significance level with df (10,2)-3.49. The t-calculated of prioritize security and privacy is -2.321608 which indicates that Prioritize security and privacy has a negative and significant effect on entrepreneurship skills of Nigerian oil industry. Record, track and monitor keeping method is necessary to sustain loyalty of customers and should be supported. Annual review and audit is imperative for oil and gas industry to adopt viable record keeping procedures in other to compete favorably with their competitors.
Ai-Neural Networks And Accounting Outcomes In Financial Services Companies In Lagos Metropolis
The research evaluates AI-neural networks and accounting outcomes in financial services companies in Lagos Metropolis. The study was conducted to examine the level of correlation between recurrent neural networks and accurate financial forecasts in financial services companies in Lagos Metropolis; and to assess the extent to which feedforward neural networks correlate with pattern recognition in financial services companies in Lagos Metropolis. The research adopts survey research design. The study uses primary sources of data. A structured questionnaire was the major instrument for data collection. The study adopts the purposive sampling technique. Cronbach Alpha statistic was used to obtain the value of 0.82 as the instrument reliability ratio. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed for data analysis. The findings reveal that there is a positive and significant level of correlation between recurrent neural networks and accurate financial forecasts in financial services companies in Lagos Metropolis; feedback positively and significantly correlate with pattern recognition in financial services companies in Lagos Metropolis. The study concludes that AI-neural networks are correlates of accounting practices in financial services companies in Lagos Metropolis. The study recommends among others that Managements of enterprises need to ensure that more accountants and management experts are professionally equipped with recurrent neural network competences and skills for accurate financial forecasts; management of commercial entities should organize more training programmes for their accountants on the best ways to employ feedforward neural networks for effective pattern recognition in the organizations.
Standardized Framework For Assessing The Impact Of Employee Training On Performance In Public Organizations In Nigeria: a Pragmatic Proposal
The study examined a standardized framework for assessing the impact of employee training on performance in public organizations in Nigeria. In Nigeria, the importance of having a standardized framework for assessing the impact of employee training on performance in public organizations in Nigeria cannot be overemphasized. If performance in public organizations is below expectation after the training and development of employees of the organizations, then the existing training and development initiatives and programmes remain effective and efficient in promoting and sustaining organizational performance. The objectives of the study include - to evaluate the long-term impacts of various employee training types on public organizational performance in Nigeria, to collect and analyze employee feedback on past training programs to identify strengths and weaknesses from their perspectives, and to propose a standardized framework for assessing the impact of employee training on performance in the public organizations. The study adopted the Human Capital Theory, and the qualitative research design; relied heavily on secondary source of data, and analyzed the collected data via content method of data analysis. The findings of the study revealed that the long-term impacts of the training types (on-the-job training, off-the-job training, e-learning, mentorship programs) on organizational performance are constrained by funding constraints, lack of quality and relevance training initiatives and programs offered that do not meet the actual needs of employees or organizations; lack of robust systems for monitoring and evaluating the impact of training on performance. Also, that the methods employed to collect feedback from employees regarding training programs include - surveys and questionnaires, focus groups, interviews, and observations; and the proposed framework consists of five key components: training needs assessment, training implementation, immediate evaluation, long-term evaluation, and continuous Improvement. Based on this, the study recommended, among others, that the Federal Government and relevant agencies such as the Office of the Head of Civil Service of the Federation should establish policies that mandate standardized training assessments across all ministries, departments, and agencies (MDAs).
Impact Of Government Expenditure On Unemployment In Nigeria
Despite rising government expenditure over the years, unemployment remains high and persistent. This study examines the impact of government expenditure on unemployment in Nigeria over a period of 1981 to 2023. An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model was utilized for the analysis. Major findings indicate that general government expenditure has a negative effect on unemployment in the long run while final consumption expenditure has a negative but weak impact on unemployment in Nigeria. Furthermore, the short-run results indicate that past periods of gross national expenditure decrease current unemployment while general government expenditure increase current unemployment. The study concludes that government expenditure is an effective tool for reducing unemployment in Nigeria and The government should implement targeted job creation programs in high impact sectors like infrastructure and social services, alongside strict anti-corruption measures to ensure transparent and efficient allocation of public funds.
Impact Of Economic Growth On Environmental Pollution In Nigeria
There are concerns that Nigeria’s economic growth may be contributing to environmental degradation, particularly through increased carbon emissions and pollution-intensive investments. This study examines the impact of economic growth on environmental pollution in Nigeria, with a focus on whether economic expansion aligns with the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, which suggests that pollution initially rises with growth but declines as income levels increase. To investigate this relationship, the study adopts the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, using annual data from 1986 to 2024. Findings indicate that GDP per capita has a nonlinear relationship with carbon emissions, confirming the EKC hypothesis. Additionally, foreign direct investment (FDI) significantly contributes to environmental pollution, supporting the pollution haven hypothesis, which argues that weak regulatory frameworks attract environmentally harmful investments. Conversely, regulatory quality (RRQ) is found to have a strong mitigating effect on emissions, highlighting the importance of institutional governance in environmental management. The error correction model (ECM) results show that deviations in emissions gradually adjust to long-run equilibrium, suggesting that sustained policy interventions are necessary to maintain environmental stability. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening environmental regulations, promoting green foreign investments, investing in clean technologies, and fully implementing Nigeria’s National Energy Transition Plan (NETP) to balance economic growth with environmental sustainability.
The Impact of Public Spending on Research and Development on Productivity in the Agricultural Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
This study examines public agricultural research and development spending on agricultural production growth in sub-Sahara Africa. The data used for the research were obtained from the United States Development of Agriculture (USDA), World Bank database and Agricultural Science and Technology Indicator (ASTI). The objectives of the study include the following; 1) to assess the impact of public agricultural R&D investment on crop yield growth across Sub-Saharan African countries. 2) to evaluate the effect of public agricultural R&D spending on total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. The statistical tools employed for the study were descriptive statistics and panel unit root test using Levin-Lin-Chu, Breitung, and Im-Pesaran-Shin unit root tests. The findings show that the crop yield variable was found to be non-stationary, implying trends or persistent shocks over time. It shows a positive and significant effect of R&D on yield. The differenced values fluctuated around zero, confirming improved stationarity. Similarly, the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Index was established to be stationary, suggesting short-term fluctuations around a stable mean and making it a suitable dependent variable in evaluating R&D impacts. Hence, TFP and R&D are stationary which shows substantial positive correlation, supporting productivity enhancement via public R&D. The study recommends examining the role of private agricultural R&D and its interaction with public investments in enhancing productivity.
Professional Development Opportunities as a Motivational Tool for Teachers in Enugu State Public Schools
This study examines the role of professional development opportunities—such as training, workshops, and career advancement programs—as a motivational tool for teachers in Enugu State public schools. With the increasing concern about teacher performance and retention in public schools, this research explores whether and how access to professional development initiatives enhances teachers’ job satisfaction, commitment, and overall performance. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews involving 300 teachers from selected public secondary schools. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between access to professional development opportunities and teacher motivation and performance. Recommendations include institutionalizing regular training programs, creating transparent career progression paths, and incentivizing participation in professional development.
An Assessment of Electronic Commerce Usage among Students of Tertiary Institutions in Abeokuta Metropolis, Ogun State, Nigeria
In every economy of the world, digital entrepreneurship is a fundamental part of any economy which is more of a national asset because of its contribution. Since e-commerce is a product of digital entrepreneurship, how a customer’s react or feel concerning e-commerce will determine whether the online shopping platforms will be used by such person. Problems such as lack of trust and uncertainties around online transaction and increase in cybercrime events have increased in recent time. Many buyers lack the willingness and confidence to buy from online shops due to lack of credibility of online payment platforms, the business and the business partner involved in the online transaction. Finally, several consumers have poor ICT knowledge and skills; many Nigerians’ prefers cash payment to online payment. Therefore, this study assessed the usage of electronic commerce platforms among students of tertiary institutions in Abeokuta Metropolis, Ogun state, Nigeria. An embedded mixed method design was adopted as the research design. Using a sample of six hundred tertiary institution students from four higher institutions, data were collected using two research instruments such as customers’ perception of Online Shopping Questionnaire (r = 0.83) and Customers’ Online Shopping interview guide. Also, the data collected were analysed using both quantitative (frequency & mean) and qualitative analyses (thematic analysis). Results showed that tertiary students highly perceived the usage of online shopping platform. However, its usage was marred by challenges such as delayed delivery, wrong delivery, counterfeit product, poor delivery process, poor internet service and online fraud. Recommendations were made to reveal expectations from businesses, companies and network providers to improve on the existing situation of providing goods and services to customers using the e-commerce platform.
Effect of Entrepreneurial Development and its Dimensions on the Sustainability of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Kwara State, Nigeria
This study investigated the effect of entrepreneurial development and its key dimensions on the sustainability of SMEs. Utilizing a survey research design, data were collected through questionnaires from 154 SME owners and managers in Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria. The analysis identified 15 significant factors based on "Initial Eigenvalues," retaining those with eigenvalues greater than 1. These factors collectively account for 66.162% of the total variance in the observed variables, while post-rotation analysis explains 51.038% of the variance. Although the cumulative percentage before rotation is 66.162%, the note "When factors are correlated, sums of squared loadings cannot be added to obtain a total variance" clarifies the differences in cumulative percentages. The scree plot further supports the retention of 15 factors, indicating a distinct elbow where eigenvalues stabilize. The findings will aid SME managers in implementing entrepreneurial development strategies to achieve sustainable competitive advantage and provide guidance for regulatory agencies in formulating policies that promote the growth and survival of SMEs
Future of Outsourcing in the Era of Increased Petroleum Pricing in Nigeria: A Narrative Review.
This study examines the future of outsourcing in Nigeria's petroleum industry amidst rising petroleum prices, focusing on impacts, challenges, and potential solutions. With outsourcing being a critical strategy for optimizing costs and enhancing efficiency, the rising cost of petroleum presents significant challenges for the industry. The review synthesizes literature and reports to understand how increased petroleum prices drive up production costs, compelling businesses to seek cost-effective outsourcing solutions, often at the expense of service quality. The study highlights the resultant operational inefficiencies and risks associated with partnering with cheaper offshore firms, which compromise the overall performance of outsourcing endeavours in Nigeria. The review identifies key challenges faced by Nigerian companies in the outsourcing domain, including inadequate technology, mismatched service quality, and increased logistics costs. The study suggests several strategic solutions, such as full outsourcing to well-capitalized service providers, implementing just-in-time concepts, improving payment durations, and establishing sustainable communication channels. These recommendations aim to mitigate the adverse effects of rising petroleum prices on outsourcing while enhancing operational efficiency and ensuring high service quality. By adopting these strategies, the Nigerian petroleum industry can better manage transaction costs and risks, ultimately contributing to broader economic stability and growth in the country.
Voice Fm Radio (Eagle on the Hill Fm) Nsukka in Agricultural Development of Nsukka Zone
Just like every other communities in Nigeria, Umashi village in Iheagu, Nsukka zone has embraced radio, which has been widely accepted as a powerful media tool that will bring the desired agricultural development needed in the localities. Therefore, it is based on this that, this study was conceived for Assessment of Voice Fm radio (Eagle on the Hill Fm) Nsukka in agricultural development of Nsukka zone. Survey method was adopted; a sample size of 385 was taken out of the actual population. The researchers also designed research questions, formulated and tested hypotheses. In carrying out the study, data were collected through the use of questionnaire. The major findings of the study are that, voice Fm radio has immensely contributed to the agricultural development of Umashi village in particular and Nsukka zone generally through it’s agricultural discussion programmes. Also, Voice FM has been able to promote the interest of the farmers in Umashi village, and Nsukka zone in general.
Leveraging Social Media for Youth Employment and Entrepreneurship in Enugu State, Nigeria
This study explores the role of social media in job creation among youths in Enugu State, Nigeria. The objectives include identifying the types of jobs created through social media, assessing its economic impact on youth employment, examining challenges faced by young entrepreneurs leveraging social media, and providing recommendations for optimizing social media use for job creation. The study adopts a descriptive survey research design, sampling 400 respondents aged 18-35. The research is anchored on the Diffusion of Innovations Theory and the Uses and Gratifications Theory. Statistical analysis was conducted to test hypotheses and draw conclusions. The findings reveal that social media serves as a vital tool for employment generation, providing opportunities for networking, job-seeking, skill acquisition, and business promotion. Platforms such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Instagram facilitate job searches and networking, while YouTube and WhatsApp support digital learning and entrepreneurship. However, significant barriers—such as digital illiteracy, unstable internet connectivity, and limited financial resources—hinder the full realization of social media’s potential in job creation. The study underscores the need for strategic interventions, including digital literacy programs, improved internet infrastructure, and access to financial support, to enhance youth employment prospects through social media. The findings provide practical insights for policymakers, educators, and digital platform developers in fostering sustainable employment solutions through digital innovation.
Workers’ Cooperative Society and Workers’ Commitment In Federal College Of Education Eha Amufu
This study examined workers’ cooperative society and workers’ commitment in Federal College of Education, Eha Amufu. Specifically the study sought to, examine the effect of cooperative society on employees’ dedication to achieving organizational goals of Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu, determine the effect of workers’ cooperative on employees’ punctuality and its effect on service delivery of Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu, investigate the effect of worker’s cooperative on employee accountability and performance of Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu. The study was carried out in federal college of Education Eha-Amufu, 2016 – 2024. The study adopted survey research design; the population for the study comprised 1308 employees of the Federal College of Education. A sample of 306 respondents was sampled using Taro Yamane sampling techniques. Simple percentage was the statistical tool employed for data analysis while chi square was used for testing of the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that; Worker cooperative has positive significant effect on employee dedication to achieving organizational goals of Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu; Workers’ cooperative has positive significant effect on employee’s punctuality which invariably has significant effect on service delivery of Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu; Worker’s cooperative has positive significant effect on employee accountability which invariably enhance the performance of Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu. Based on the findings the following recommendations were made; Federal college of Education Eha-Amufu should encourage the formation of worker’s cooperative in order to enhance to enhance worker’s performance ; Federal college of Education Eha-Amufu should invest in cooperative business enterprise as a means to augment the salaries of its employees; Federal College of Education Eha Amufu should from time to time provide training platform to enhance the entrepreneurship skills of its employees
Assessment Of Social Media News Credibility Among The Residents Of Enugu Metropolis
The study investigated social media news credibility among the residents of Enugu Metropolis. The survey research design was used in the study. The sample size was 369 and the population comprised the residents of Enugu Metropolis which is 764,289. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed in selecting the sample systematically after which the questionnaire was distributed online and some physically. The findings in the study shows that the most used social media platforms among residents of Enugu Metropolis are Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp more than the other platforms and they use these platforms mostly for information and communication. The Majority of the participants had the opinion that social media news are credible based on timeliness, source, citations and credibility of the author or organization. Based on the findings of this study, the following were recommended; that necessary codes of conduct and ethics should be adopted by social media owners to guarantee credibility and accuracy of information. Media literacy should be encouraged among the users of social media to enable them control and determine what they do with the information that they receive over the media. It is recommended that effort should be made on the part of the audience to compare information obtained from social media with other available news sources before accepting or even fleeting the same information to other helpless users and many more.
Mainstream Media And The Challenges Of Survival In The Face Of Citizen Journalism Practice In Nigeria
This study took a look at the challenges of survival confronting the mainstream media in Nigeria with the arrival and massive spread of citizen journalism in the country. It discovered that the mainstream media have come to accept citizen journalism as the new face of modern journalism, and that it has unleashed tremendous challenges on mainstream media practice and the entire communication ecosystem in Nigeria. In carrying out the study, the survey research design with the questionnaire as its instrument of data collection, was utilized. The population of the study was two hundred and forty (240), and the researcher arrived at a sample size of one hundred and fifty (150) using the Taro Yamane sample size determination formula. The study relied on two theories: the Technological Determinism and the Democratic Participant Media Theories. Some of the findings are that citizen journalism has come to pose significant challenges in the modus operandi and execution of professional journalism practice in the country; that its revolutionary impact has compelled the mainstream media to innovate and come up with mutually beneficial strategies for both genres of journalism to thrive together ; that many citizen journalists in Nigeria lack the requisite and relevant knowledge and skills in information sourcing, gathering, gate-keeping and dissemination; and that mainstream journalists feel concerned and apprehensive of the deleterious effects of the negative aspects of citizen journalism like fake news. It concludes that citizen journalism comes with a lot of positive aspects as demonstrated in its faster breaking and delivery of news, supplementing the job of the professionals and keeping them on their toes, hence helping to make their work better. The recommendations, based on the findings of the study, are that governments and communication experts should create and float enlightenment and training programmes for the citizen journalists in the country to endue them with the professional skills they sorely require ; that governments create and enforce laws against fake news and unverified reports and that the mainstream media continue to partner with citizen journalists to promote mutually beneficial, robust and synergistic relationship conducive for the growth, development and continued modernization of journalism practice in Nigeria.
Impact Of Facebook On The Awareness And Management Of Covid-19 Among The Residents Of Enugu North Local Government Area
The study examined impact of facebook on the awareness and management of Covid-19 among the residents of Enugu North local government area. The survey research design was used. The sample size of 273 was drawn from the population of 347,500. Multi-stage cluster sampling procedure was the technique used to carry out the study. The findings in the study shows that 77.9% of the respondents have been exposed to campaigns against Covid-19. Also, 91.5% are aware that Covid-19 can be transmitted from person to person. Also, 72.3% of the respondents believe that using Facebook for public health messaging is beneficial.. However, Facebook was not the major source of information on Covid-19 for 54.6% of the respondents. This implies that respondents merely use information gotten here to augment the one from their major source of information on Covid-19. Based on the findings, the following recommendations were made; Enhance digital literacy programmes for the residents of Enugu-North: the outcome of this study shows that misinformation and unfiltered information from non-governmental or public health sources was a major threat to the adoption of Facebook for information on the Covid-19, the research recommends enlightenment of the target population on how to discern credible information from misinformation on Facebook. Hence, the local government authority LGA, should partner with local health organizations and educational institutions to conduct workshops and seminars on digital literacy and critical thinking. This will go to a great extent in increasing knowledge of residents to make informed decisions regarding COVID-19 and other health issues based on reliable information. Enhance Health Communication Strategies on Facebook: Create targeted healthcommunication campaigns specifically tailored for residents of Enugu-North, focusing on local languages and cultural context to improve understanding and engagement. Use interactive and engaging content formats like live Questions and Answer (Q&A) sessions, info graphics, and short videos to convey critical information about COVID-19 prevention, symptoms, and treatment options on Facebook.
Assessment Of The Impact Of Arcon’s Regulations On The Effectiveness And Ethical Practices On Online Advertising Among Advertising Practitioners In Enugu State
This study examined the regulatory impact of Advertising Regulatory Council of Nigeria on the effectiveness and ethical practices of online advertising among advertising practitioners in Enugu State In carrying out this study, survey research method was used. Population of the study comprises two distinct groups relevant to the study. The Advertising Practitioners in Enugu state and ARCON regulatory officials in Enugu State. which is 200. The census approach was adopted, allowing the researchers to examine every individual within the population rather than relying on a sampled subset. After the analysis, the results revealed that advertising practitioners in Enugu generally possess a fair level of awareness about ARCON's regulatory framework. The study also, confirmed that ARCON regulations have led to shifts in advertising strategies. Several challenges were identified as barriers to full compliance. These include the complexity of regulations, financial constraints, lack of access to updated regulatory information, and the perceived burden of compliance. The researchers recommended that the Advertising Regulatory Council of Nigeria (ARCON), should consider organizing regular workshops, webinars, and training sessions for advertising practitioners, particularly those operating at smaller scales or in more remote areas. Advertising Regulatory Council of Nigeria (ARCON), should recognize agencies that actively align their strategies with regulatory standards and ARCON should provide grants, subsidies, or partnerships with tech providers to ensure they have access to necessary compliance resources, like software for digital ad review or training on compliance technologies.
Leadership and Productivity in a Manufacturing Company in Nigeria: (A Study of Alo Aluminium Co. Ltd, Emene, Enugu State)
This study is on Leadership and Productivity in a Manufacturing Company in Nigeria: A Study of Alo Aluminium Company Limited, Emene, Enugu State. The researcher adopted Taro Yamene’s sampling method to get a sample of 106 respondents from employees in the company. The primary data were collected through the instrument of questionnaire and observation. The secondary data were collected from textbooks, journals, libraries and the internet. Data were analyzed using Likert Scale format tables. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square Statistics. The research findings show that the leadership style in use in the study institution was seen to be rigid and autocratic. This style of leadership does not encourage efficient performance among the workers and hampers increased productivity. The study recommends the adoption of people-oriented leadership style, namely, Participative and Consensus Leadership style as a means of motivating workers for increased productivity.
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Impact Of Advocacy Journalism In Combating The Spread Of Fake News In Enugu State
The stability and advancement of Nigeria are now seriously threatened by the proliferation of fake news. In recent times, fake news has contributed greatly to sparkling unrest in different corners of Nigerian society. The goal of this study is to examine the impact of advocacy journalism in combating fake news in Enugu, to determine the effectiveness of advocacy journalism in fighting the spread of fake news in Enugu State, to analyse the roles of advocacy journalism on combating the spread of fake news in Enugu State? And to identify the challenges affecting the usage of advocacy journalism in combating fake news in Enugu? A mixed method of research design which entails collection of both quantitative and qualitative data was adopted. The sample size of 384 at 95% confidence level was used. The instruments for data collection were questionnaire and interview guide. The results of the distributed questionnaire were presented in tables using simple frequency, percentage and mean analysis. The explanation building technique was used to present the interview data. Findings from the data analysis revealed that the impact of advocacy journalism on combating the spread of fake news is rated high. The researcher suggests that effective tactics have to be developed to halt the spread of fake news, restore public trust in the media, and alert people to the dangers of misinformation and fake news.
Anambra State Community Choose Your Project Initiative and Infrastructural Development under the Obiano Administration, 2014-2022
This paper examined the impact of Community Choose their Project Initiative (CPI) on Community Development in Anambra State between 2014 and 2022. The This study adopted the descriptive survey research design, while the Empowerment theory of development formed the theoretical framework of analysis. The study discovered that; Community Choose Your Project Initiative impacted on the provision of water bore hole, construction of roads, markets and healthcare facilities in Anambra State under the Obiano Administration, 2014-2022. Community project initiative has impacted on the provision of infrastructure/ social amenities. The study concluded that community-based or community-dictated development approach involves the movement of the people designed to promote better living for the whole community within the active participation of, and if possible on the initiative of the community concerned. Based on the foregoing, the study recommended that; since the Community Chose Your Project Initiative impacted on community development through the provision of water bore holes, markets, construction of roads and healthcare facilities, local governments should involve their communities in the inherence and protection of public facilities provided for them such as electricity, pipe-borne water school building, health facilities, among others, such community involvement has the potential of creating an enormous sense of community.
Anambra State Community Choose Your Project Initiative
Interrogating the Role of Social Media on Voter Behaviour in Nigerian Elections
The intention of this research was to shed light on the implications, uses, and role of social media in the Nigerian electioneering campaigns and political processes at large. It, therefore, increases our understanding of how social media impact elections and democracy in Nigeria. It was deduced that in the Nigerian general elections, social media was used due to its participatory nature. The study is qualitative in nature as data collection was basically secondary, while the Uses and gratification theory was utilized as the theoretical framework of analysis. The study revealed that; the potency of social media in the political campaign processes and the election was not appreciated by some scholars; again, social media were used in Nigeria as a weapon to undermine and even destroy the image of other political parties, especially the People’s Democratic Party and All Progressive Party. From the findings, we make the following recommendations; Nigerian politicians should continue to use the social media to engage the electorate during political campaigns especially the youth who are avid users of the social media; based on the findings of this study, Facebook is the most utilized social media platform by the presidential candidates. The study therefore recommends that in future elections, other social media platforms likes YouTube, Instagram, and Blogs should by employ by politicians during electioneering campaigns; Finally, Nigerian electorate should ensure that their voting pattern in future elections should not be by influenced by political candidate’s religious affiliations or ethnic considerations but on the credibility of candidates.
Impact Of Ai-Generated Content On Journalism Practice: a Study Of Practicing Journalist In Enugu, Nigeria
This study investigates the impact of AI-generated content on journalism practices in Enugu State, Nigeria. The research employed a survey design, sampling 117 registered journalists under the Nigerian Union of Journalists (NUJ), Enugu State Chapter. The study aimed to assess journalists' exposure to AI tools, their use of AI-generated content in professional practice, perceived benefits, and challenges faced in its application. Findings reveal high awareness and usage of AI tools among journalists, with ChatGPT being the most recognized (79.5%). The majority of respondents (99.1%) use AI-generated content to some degree in their work, primarily for research (81%) and writing (50%). Key benefits identified include time and resource savings (88.9% agreement) and increased efficiency and productivity (72.4% agreement). However, challenges such as lack of awareness or knowledge (58.9%), limited access to AI tools (59%), and concerns about content quality and reliability (55.5%) were also highlighted.The study concludes that while AI-generated content has become integral to journalistic practice in Enugu State, there is a need for a balanced approach that leverages AI's benefits while addressing its limitations and ethical implications. Recommendations include comprehensive training programs, improved access to AI tools, development of ethical guidelines, and further research to track long-term impacts. These findings contribute to the understanding of AI's role in journalism and provide insights for media professionals, organizations, and policymakers in navigating the evolving landscape of AI in journalism.
Influence Of Cultural Heritage On Media Practice In Africa (a Study Of Nigeria Eastern Region)
The study investigated the Influence of Culture on communication practice in Africa, with Nigeria as a study Area. The objectives of the study, include to find out really if culture influences Communication practice, which of the genders are mostly influenced by culture in their profession in Enugu State and whether culture influences people’s communication patter. Survey research method was used, after extensive consultation of literature that related to the topic. Findings revealed that in Nigeria, more male are engaged in media practices than female and that culture influence very often on people’s communication life, and by extension influences practitioners of public relations profession particularly. The study concluded that culture as people’s way of life influence on people’s communication practice and particularly on the professionals of media practices. It suggested some recommendations such as constant enlightenment and education of some obnoxious culture that obstruct effective media practice, and ways to modernise them or outright removal of those culture. Again, the study recommended constant in-house training for media practitioners in a bid to teach them practical approaches and model to avoid conflict of cultural clash with their professional practices.
Effect Of Corporate Governance On Financial Performance Of Deposit Money Banks In Nigeria
The main objective of the study is to examine the extent to which corporate governance affect financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study specifically determined the extent to which board size, board composition and audit committee size affect profit margin of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design. Secondary data was sourced from the annual reports of the sample of five deposit money banks for ten (10) years period, spanning from 2014-2023. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis. The findings of the study include: Board size has a negative and insignificant effect on the net profit margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigerian (β = 1.7334; p-value = 0.089); Board Composition has a significant effect on the Net Profit Margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria (β = 2.4904; p-value = 0.016); Audit committee size has no significant effect on the Net Profit Margin of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria (β = -0.8263; p-value = 0.4129). The study highlights that while quantity of governance bodies (board size, and audit size) may not directly influence financial performance, the quality and composition of these bodies are vital. For deposit money banks in Nigeria, focusing on the expertise and diversity of board members is essential for enhancing financial performance.
The Impact of Herders/Farmers Migration Contact and the Crisis of Food Security in F.C.T, Nigeria.
Impact of herders/farmers migration contact and the crisis of food security is the focus of this article. Extant literature suggests that the struggle for access to and denial from scarce resources, occasioned by climate change, herders/farmers migration contact, environmental degradation, and weak land tenure systems, escalates space ownership and use crises, exacerbate violent clashes heightened fear and restriction that negatively affect access to farm land, farm production and food security across some regions and countries particularly in Africa, especially Nigeria. Although authorities have made attempts to ensure that peace returned to the area and that the internally displaced persons return from camps to their homes and farms, this reality seems not to have yielded meaningful results as most people are yet to return. Hence, this study seeks to assess the impact of herders/farmers migration contact crises on food security in the FCT, Abuja. Drawing from the foregoing, the paper examines the causes of herders/farmers migration crises, it interrogates the impact of herders/farmers migration crises on the availability and affordability of food, identify strategies being deployed by stakeholders to mitigate the impact of herders/farmers migration contact crises and explore alternative strategies to control/eradicate herders/farmers migration crises to ensure food security. Using conflict theory, food security theory and social capital theory, descriptive design combine questionnaire for quantitative data gathering and pie charts as well as frequency distribution tables, Chi-square test combined with descriptive statistical tools (mean and standard deviation) for testing the hypothesis, proffered expected outcome that Herders-farmers’ migration crisis has a negative effect on food security followed by outbreak of herders-farmers migration crisis has a negative impact on the level of food production.
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Major Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour of Goods and Services: A Theoretical Perspective.
The researcher adopted an inductive approach to the study of factors influencing consumer behaviour of both physical goods and services. The paper seeks to establish a relationship between consumer behaviour and certain identified factors like, culture, social institutions, reference group, personal and psychological. It was found that consumer behaviour with respect to physical goods and services is influenced by both endogenous and exogenous factors. And this has wide implications not only for marketing but also for other allied disciplines. The paper has stimulated research into why consumers behave the way they do.
The Influence Of Sales Promotion On Customer’s Brand Loyalty
This research was on the influence of sales promotion on consumer’s brand loyalty using Coca Cola and Pepsi brands soft drinks for the study copies of questionnaire were administered on consumers in three (3) stratified randomly selected areas of 9th Mile Enugu and supplemented with interviews conducted with the sales and marketing managers of Nigerian Bottling Company (NBC) Plc and Seven Up (7up) Bottling Company Plc, manufacturers of Coca Cola and Pesicola respectively in their 9th Mile Enugu plant offices. It was found that sales promotions, while effective in boosting and increasing sales of brands, products or services in the short run have little or no influence on customer’s brand loyalty. Moreover, competitions, sweepstakes, prize/gifts items and free samples or demonstrations are discovered to be the most effective sales promotion strategies in boosting sales in the short run. Among the study’s many recommendations is the need for manufacturers to be conscious of their sales promotion techniques or tools to reflect this winning package so that their desire to boost sales can be easily realized.