Enhancing Constant Power Supply By Integrating Solar To The Microgrid Using Ann Based Supercapacitor

Abstract

The quest for a constant and reliable power supply remains a pressing challenge, particularly in regions where conventional grid infrastructure is constrained by generation shortfalls, transmission inefficiencies, and growing energy demand. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated into micro grids offer a viable pathway toward sustainable energy solutions; however, the intermittent and variable nature of solar power necessitates effective energy storage and management strategies. This study proposes the integration of an artificial neural network (ANN)-based super capacitor energy storage system into a solar-powered microgrid to enhance supply stability, efficiency, and adaptability. The ANN controller is designed to process real-time data on load demand, solar irradiance, and state-of-charge, enabling predictive and adaptive charge–discharge management of the super capacitor. This intelligent approach mitigates the effects of solar generation fluctuations, reduces system losses, and optimizes energy dispatch to maintain a steady power output. Simulation results demonstrate improved voltage stability, reduced downtime, and enhanced energy utilization compared to conventional control methods. The findings highlight the potential of ANN-based super capacitor systems as a robust solution for achieving constant power supply in solar-integrated microgrids, thereby contributing to energy sustainability and supporting the global transition to clean energy. The results obtained were the conventional reduction of rapid irradiance fluctuation that will enhance  consistent power supply in integrating solar to the micro grid was220 w/m². on the other hand, when  an ANN based super capacitor was integrated into the system, it automatically reduced to200 w/m² and the conventional Frequency deviation/ instability that will enhance  consistent power supply in integrating solar to the micro grid was42Hz. It could not attain the threshold of 50Hz thereby causing inconsistent power failure in integration of  solar to the micro grid.. Meanwhile, when an ANN based super capacitor was imbibed into the system, it simultaneously increased it to 50Hz thereby making it to attain the threshold. Finally, with these results obtained, It meant that the percentage  enhancement of constant power supply by integrating solar to the micro grid when an ANN based super capacitor was integrated into the system was19%.